Functional differences between Prebiotics, Probiotics and Postbiotics

Prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics are related to gut health and microbiome support, but they have distinct differences:

*Prebiotics*

- Non-digestible fibers or carbohydrates that feed beneficial microorganisms (probiotics) in the gut

- Stimulate growth and activity of beneficial bacteria

- Examples: inulin, fructooligosaccharides (FOS), galactooligosaccharides (GOS), asparagus, bananas, onions, garlic

*Probiotics*

- Live, beneficial microorganisms (bacteria or yeast) that colonize the gut

- Support gut health, immune system, and production of vitamins

- Examples: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Saccharomyces boulardii, yogurt, kefir, fermented vegetables

*Postbiotics*

- Non-living, bioactive compounds produced by probiotics during fermentation

- Include short-chain fatty acids, peptides, and other metabolites

- Provide benefits similar to probiotics, but without the need for live microorganisms

- Examples: butyrate, propionate, acetate, fermented foods, supplements

In summary:

- Prebiotics feed beneficial bacteria

- Probiotics are beneficial bacteria themselves

- Postbiotics are beneficial compounds produced by probiotics

All three work together to support gut health, immune function, and overall well-being.